图书简介
First-generation ethanol plants were designed based on corn (maize grain), a dense, stable, storable and shippable commodity-type product with multiple applications. With these properties, corn was used as a feedstock for large-scale biorefineries without any challenges for a considerable length of time to allow its usage to grow exponentially. In the second-generation biofuels, the feedstocks used are low-cost carbon resources such as crop and forest residues and municipal solid waste. These materials are not dense; they have irregular size and shape, variable moisture, and are not readily storable and shippable. When the industry tested these feedstocks for biofuel production, they faced flowability, storage, transportation, and conversion issues. One way to overcome feeding, handling, transportation, and variable moisture challenges is to densify the biomass. The densification systems such as pellet mill and briquette press are commonly used to produce densified products. The densified products have uniform size, shape, and higher density. Also, the densified products are aerobically stable as they have the moisture of less than 10 % (w.b.).This book’s focus is to understand how the densification process variables, biomass types and their blends, mechanical preprocessing, and thermal and chemical pretreatment methods impact the quality of the densified products produced for biofuel production.Key FeaturesThere is no specific book on the densification of raw biomass and their blends, pre-treated (thermally and chemically) biomass, and its impact on the quality of the densified products and biofuels productionThe book addresses the biomass challenges and how densification helps to overcome the challenges in terms of storage, transport, and conversion to fuelsThe authors of the book chapters are experts in the area’s biomass pre-processing and pre-treatments, and conversionThe book’s authors have diverse educational backgrounds: agricultural and biological engineering, chemical engineering, and materials science
An Overview of Preprocessing and Pretreatments Technologies for Biomass; Densification Process Modeling and Commonly Used Systems; Densification Characteristics of Raw and Pretreated Herbaceous Biomasses and Their Blends; Blending and Densification: Significance and Quality; The Role of Bulk Solids Flow Behavior in Biomass Densification; Thermal Pretreatment Impact on Densified Biomass Physical Properties; Impact of Densified Biomass Feedstocks on Biofuel Production from Biomass Gasification; Densification of Agricultural Residue for Hydrothermal Liquefaction; Densification of Microwave Torrefied Oat Hull for use as a Solid Fuel; Densification Characteristics of Ammonia Fiber Explosion Pretreated Biomass and Applications; A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Various Routes of Biochemical Conversion of Pelletized Biomass
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